By Dr. Charles W. Collins
Director of International Affairs
University of Wisconsin, Platteville

Each year, students from around the world make the decision to attend college or university in the United States. Often these choices are based upon recommendations of friends or relatives. Occasionally, decisions are made upon the advice of recruiters. Less frequently, they are the result of the student's own search for an institution that fits his or her wants and needs. Although not the easiest route, this option frequently produces the best results.

A search for a suitable school should begin by seeking the guidance of a trusted counselor. While recruiters are often helpful, keep in mind that they represent a limited number of institutions and it is their job to steer students to a particular institution.

Obviously, international students looking for a school should concentrate on those institutions that offer the appropriate programs. An excellent place to begin searching is a library. Most larger libraries will shelve "guides" for international students. Although guides typically include only those institutions that pay for advertising space, they are nevertheless a starting point. An Internet search may also provide information on schools that offer the appropriate program array. Once students have identified a number of institutions that match their needs, they will want to carefully consider the type, size and location of the schools.

Essentially, American colleges and universities break down into private or public institutions. Neither should be dismissed without investigating the possibilities. Although private schools may be more costly, they often provide international students with scholarships that make tuition competitive with many public institutions. There is great variety in the quality, size, facilities and programs available in private schools. Private universities such as Notre Dame or Southern Methodist are well known and provide an excellent educational experience. However, many smaller private institutions may have religious affiliations that can effect the day to day lives of students.

Public schools, like private, come in all sizes. Often, state systems will have a "flagship" campus. The University of California at Berkeley and The University of Wisconsin - Madison are examples of these world-class institutions. Although larger universities typically focus on graduate education, they may also have outstanding undergraduate programs. International students seeking an undergraduate education should not overlook the hundreds of other state university campuses found across the United States. Commonly located in "college towns," state universities frequently offer the option of a variety of undergraduate programs in smaller, friendlier and safer environments.

An important consideration when choosing a school is the availability of suitable housing. Residence halls can be desirable for international students. They are close to academic buildings, partially or completely furnished and frequently offer American style meals as an option. One drawback is that these "dorms" may close between the fall and spring semesters, making it necessary for occupants to move elsewhere. While American students move home for these periods, international students who cannot travel must find alternate places to live during the "breaks." Another disadvantage is that most residence hall occupants are 18- or 19-year old students who may not be as busy with or as serious about their studies as international students. Residence halls may also be "co-ed" or have other social conditions or rules that may be difficult or impossible for international students. It should be pointed out that many universities have developed special programs to address these issues.

Regardless of the type, location or size of the school, international students may encounter "culture shock." An important advantage in spending the time to identify and learn about their school is that it can help to overcome this phenomenon. Many international students will find that not only will the buildings, trees, and birds be different, but the people will look, speak and act differently. Students who experience culture shock may become nervous or unusually tired. They may sleep a great deal or constantly write letters home. In severe cases, they may become angry or severely depressed. In order to avoid culture shock, students must first be aware that it is a definite possibility. Perhaps more importantly, students should find out as much as possible about the institution, community and culture they have chosen in order to develop realistic expectations. Knowing what to expect makes disappointment less likely. Finally, as a part of their search, students should find out if the school of their choice has an international student advisor that is trained to help them settle into their new environment. Then, if culture shock occurs, the student will know where to turn for help in achieving a perspective on the new situation and environment.

Carefully going through the process of choosing a college or university is an important exercise. In a very real sense, it may be the student's first and, perhaps, most valuable learning experience.